Eczema presents itself as red itchy patches and is most commonly observed in infants and children. This skin condition may trigger the emergence of blisters and sores and can cause the skin to break out. However, some might grow old with the skin condition. On average, eczema affects about 30 million people across the globe. Although exact causes aren’t yet known, certain factors have been known to increase the chances of developing the condition.

Causes
A combination of the below-mentioned factors can trigger eczema:

Genetics plays an important role and increases a person’s chances of developing eczema.
A faulty immune system can increase the body’s sensitivity to irritants making eczema a greater possibility.
Changes in season and high pollution levels also contribute to an increased risk of eczema flare-ups.
Broken or wounded skin increases the risk of contracting bacterial and viral infections.

Symptoms
Despite the different types of eczema, the symptoms often remain the same. One of the defining features is the scaly-looking skin of the impacted area. Itching, red patches, and dry skin are common symptoms of eczema. These signs can be commonly observed on the patients’ faces, hands, and legs. However, these symptoms are most likely observed in the knees and elbows of children. Symptoms like skin crustation and open sores are also seen in patients with severe eczema.

Natural remedies
Home remedies are a convenient way of handling flare-ups or even preventing them together.

Reduced use of soap
Most household soaps contain sodium hydroxide in them. In addition, the colors and fragrances commonly used in these soaps also contribute to the increased risk of eczema and its flare-ups. Substitute regular soaps with milder options that don’t take away the skin’s moisture.
Moisturizers that protect the skin barrier
Dry and cracked skin serves as a breeding ground for allergens and micro-organisms to enter and cause infections. Moisturizers that help protect the skin barrier from breaking down can also prevent flare-ups. Ceramides or other hydrating compounds help restore the skin barrier and maintain moisture.
Mild detergents
Being in regular contact with harsh detergents also acts as a trigger for eczema flare-ups. Unwashed residue in clothes can also lead to increased itching and dryness. Patients with eczema are advised to use detergents with neutral pH and milder ones for the skin.
Hand protection
Due to the frequency of contact between hands and harsh chemicals, treating them with some protection is essential. Using gloves can help decrease the chances of dry skin and, in turn, help with reduction in flare-ups. Alternatively, using hand creams and similar protective options might be of equal help.

Foods to eat and avoid
Adding and eliminating certain foods from the regular grocery list has been known to help better manage eczema and its symptoms.

Yogurt
Yogurt provides the body with gut-health enabling microbes. It is a great pre-biotic that makes fighting eczema easier. The list also includes other probiotic foods like kimchi, kefir, kombucha, and tempeh.
Salmon
This rich source of omega-3s is essential for keeping the skin healthy. Sardine, tuna, and mackerel can also be used to keep eczema flare-ups at bay.
Processed meat
Processed and packaged meat have high quantities of nitrates. These are used to maintain the bright color of the meat and keep it looking fresh. Swapping them for eggs, fish, and chicken is a better option.

Treatment options
Doctors might prescribe some treatment options like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ointments, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and antihistamines. Alternatively, UV light therapy and photo UV light therapy may also be employed for moderate to severe reactions.